Focalization in Richard Wrights :: essays research papers fc

Focalization in Richard Wrights Bright and Morning Star 1. Introduction 3 2. Narration 4 3. Focalization 5 - 6 4. Conclusion 6 5. Bibliography 7 1. Introduction The presentation of events in narratology differs greatly with the purpose of the text. Certain events would seem less authentic if they were to be presented in a third-person narrative, other events just can’t be described objectively within a first-person narrative. Sometimes the events call for a non-involved description but on the other hand are too personal not to include thoughts and views of the character. In this case a different perspective is needed to view the events, not to describe them. For analytical purposes one can assume that the different aspects on narration are chosen for reason by the`implied author ´, a substitute agent which is "the governing consciousness of the work as a whole." (Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan, Narrative Fiction Contemporary Poetics, London / New York, 1983). This agent therefore presents the events through the mediation of a certain perspective, the focalizer, and verbalizes them through a different agent, the narrator. The analys is of both narrator and focalizer can give further insights into the purpose of a story and can help to overcome hermeneutical differences in the interpretation. I will begin my narratological analysis of Richard Wrights Bright and Morning Star with the aspect of the narrator and his role and purpose in the interpretation. Since the aspect of narration is not my main topic I will keep the analysis short and in direct relation to the focalizer. I will then concentrate on the aspect of focalization and the different levels of pervasion of the focalized. The degree to which the lead character is focalized can be directly related to aspects of interpretation and certain linguistic features which I will specify. I will then conclude my analysis by showing that the described aspects serve to evoke a certain perspective and atmosphere and are therefore useful for contextual interpretation. 2. Narration In Richard Wrights Bright and Morning Star the events are mediated through a third-person narrator who describes events past to him. Using the terminology of Rimmon-Kenan the narrating agent can be classified as an ulterior extra-diegetic, heterodiegetic narrator. The first aspect defining the narrator is the relationship between narration and story, the time when the story is being narrated. The most frequent form is the narration of events after they happened, the ulterior narration, as in Bright and Morning Star. The use of the past tense is the most prominent indication of an ulterior narration.

Re: Week 6

Assignment 3 Prepare the EFE matrix for KKD Prepare the EFE matrix for Sturbucks Compare KKD, Dunkin Doughnuts and Starbucks STURBUCKS DUNKIN DOUGHNUTS What kind of nutrition is important? The above chart compared calories. For some people, they want less fat or sugar. Usually the items that are lower in fat tend to be higher in sugar and carbohydrates (and vise versa). Some of these foods offer no other nutritional value like fiber and protein. You need to assess what you are most concerned with. If your goal is to eat less than you burn each day, calories is your bottom line.As you can see, Starbucks is not necessarily healthier than D&D, despite strategic marketing. Of all the comparisons done, Starbucks only came out on top three times. You might think that a â€Å"smoothie† is better than a â€Å"coolatta† , but the facts state otherwise. Menu Diversity between Dunkin and Sturbucks Dunkin' is the winner simply because many of its Dunkin' Donut stores are also paire d with Baskin-Robbins ice cream stores, since Dunkin' group also owns the Baskin-Robbins chain. But Starbucks' has improved its menu as of late, and it is reaching to an entirely demographic than ice cream and donuts.So while Dunkin' may win on diversity of product because of Baskin-Robbins, Starbucks probably still has the most redeeming menu from a profitability and sustainability perspective. COMPARING DUNKIN DONUTS AND KRISPY KREMES 1. Overall Customer Service Dunkin Donuts – Honestly the staff at the Dunkin Donuts location always leaves a lot to be desired, the greetings do not exist, the appreciation for choosing them to do business with does not exist and most importantly the sense of urgency to resolve customer complaints does not exist either.This is based on interaction with at least five different Dunkin Donuts employees. Krispy Kremes I have only dealt with one associate each of the three times I have been to the local Krispy Kremes location. The first occassion t he associate lacked any excitement, no initial greeting in the door and no â€Å"Thanks† at the end of the trip. The second time I went in (a week later), the employee was no different than the first time I was in there, hardly anything to brag about.On my third visit the Krispy Kremes employee was a little more friendly than the two previous times, again nothing to jump up and down about. 2. In Stock Condition Dunkin Donuts – If you have not had a chance to read my â€Å"Dunkin Donuts? Doubt it† post I suggest that you do, that will clearly explain my previous six trips to Dunkin Donuts. To put it simply, they never have any donuts when we go there (see the picture below). I actuallt stopped at Dunkin Donuts today to get two Ice Coffee’s and two Fruit Blasts or whatever they are called, it’s like some icey thing.When I placed my order for two of those, the response I received was â€Å"We don’t have that† and that’s it. Safe t o say this particular Dunkin Donuts, just doesn’t have it. Krispy Kremes – Krispy Kremes not only had the donuts we wanted, but they had an abundance of them as well as donuts we didn’t want. The display case was packed with donuts. I have also ordered the Krispy Kremes version of a Berry Fruit Blast as well, which was in stock every single time we ordered it over the three week period. 3. Freshness of DonutsDunkin Donuts – You know it’s been so long since I have actually had a Dunkin Donuts â€Å"Donut† due to the fact that they never have the donuts we want in stock when we go. What I do remember about my recent trips to Dunkin Donuts that actually ended with me getting donuts is that the donuts were hardly fresh when we got them. Krispy Kremes – If I were a Dunkin Donuts franchise manager or corporate associate I would be highly concerned, hands down Krispy Kremes donuts are more fresh when you get them.In addition we ordered three times the amount of donuts on each visit to Krispy Kremes than we did at Dunkin Donuts when we did actually get donuts. 4. Coffee Taste Dunkin Donuts – It’s probably a good time for Dunkin Donuts to change their name to Dunkin Coffee, their donut product is a wreck at my local location, Im not sure about others. if it were not for the coffee at Dunkin Donuts it’s safe to say I would never go to a Dunkin Donuts again. Now if Dunkin Donuts could get their staff to understand â€Å"Double Cream and Double Sugar† I would be sold on going there just for the coffee when I am in the mood.It’s just too bad Double Cream and Double sugar at my local Dunkin Donuts is more like 1/2 cream 1/2 sugar. Krispy Kremes – I have tried on all three occassions to get myself to believe that I was just as satisfied with the Krispey Kremes Ice Coffee’s as I am with the Dunkin Donuts Ice Coffee’s, sadly thats just not true. The Krispy kremes coffeeâ₠¬â„¢s are smaller, when packed with ice it really doesn’t give you a decent amount of coffee. The taste also does not come close to Dunkin Donuts Ice Coffee or Hot coffee drinks.

Jonathan Swift’s style of writing Essay

Many critics like William Deans Howells; T.S. Eliot etc. have called Jonathan Swift the greatest writer of prose like T.S. Eliot says that â€Å"Swift, the greatest writer of English prose, and the greatest man who has ever written great English prose.† But there are reasons for this greatness. One of the main reasons is that Swift wrote in a very plain and downright style. He didn’t use any embellishments. At times, when Swift was writing serious stuff this same plain style appears dry but when writing humorously, this same plainness gives his wit a singular edge. Swift didn’t use ornate or rhetorical language; he said what he had to in simply without any affectation as Hugh Blair says â€Å"His style is of the plain and simple kind; free of all affectation, and all superfluity; perspicuous, manly and pure.† Look more:  jonathan swift satire essay And at times, his style appears so simple that its seems like anybody with a little sense of writing could write like him but in this same simple ness of manner lies Swift’s greatness like Scott says â€Å"Swift’s style seems so simple that one would think any child might write as he does, and yet if we try we find to our own despair that it is impossible.† This same simplicity of style in Gulliver’s Travels corresponds to the naivetà © and simplicity of Gulliver. Another important feature of Swift’s prose is that he uses the common touch. In other words, everybody can understand his language that is why even children can read his books with so much enjoyment. Also, Swift addresses people as rational and political beings, making them his equals. For example, in Drapier’s Letters Swift uses the same language of the class which he is addressing i.e. rough and shrewd. Swift doesn’t write long  sentences or speeches or difficult words. And he familiarizes with the people by using their own simple and at times coarse language. Invention or imagination is an aspect witch makes Swift one of the greatest English writers. J.J. Hogan says â€Å"One of Swift’s greatest outlets, of course, was invention.† Although Swift has used many non-sensical and imaginary words, but these imaginary words have an underlying meaning. For example, Lindalino indicates â€Å"Dublin†, Nardac when broken down in German Narr (meaning fool) and doch (meaning still) turns into ‘still a fool’. Hekinah Degul can be translated, on grounds of similarity of sound, turns into ‘What in the devil’. Glumdalclitch can be divided into French ‘grand’ and Latin ‘altrix’ which in turn is combined to produce the meaning ‘enormous nurse’. The word Grildrig can be translated into ‘Girl-thing’ or ‘doll’. Swift also uses onomatopoeic words for example, Gulliver, Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Houyhnhnms, Yahoos etc. The name Lilliput suggest something small like in the word little, Brobdingnag suggest something, which is big. The same way Houyhnhnms (pronounced Whinnims) sounds just like the neighing of a horse and Yahoo is the sound that people make when they are liberated. Even the names that Swift gives to characters are onomatopoeic like Gulliver which is similar in sound to gullible, the emperor’s name in Lilliput Golbasto Momaren Evlame Gurdilo Shefin Mully Ully Gue shows a little bit of the inflated nature of the emperor and the last part Mully Ully Gue sounds ridiculous after such a long, inflated name. And Swift tries to give meaning to these same words to create a sense of authenticity for example, in voyage II, Gulliver is described as being as big as a splacknuck. So, although some words sound totally non-sensical there, is, infact some sense and meaning behind them. There are a few other ways in which Swift’s writing is so remarkable. One of them is that is that Swift creates authenticity through the use of archaic language (like the language used in the Old Testament) for example after his long nap, Gulliver says that he awaked after a long nap. Also, Swift goes into very minute detail of anything that he’s describing. Like he describes  the exact latitude, longitude, dates, naval details, details about clothing, manners, etc. At times, these same details are very disgusting like he describes how he had to disburden himself in Lilliput or the beggars in Brobdingna, but these same disgusting details create realism. One of the most prominent features of Swift’s writing is his satire, which is described by Jacques Barzun as more deadly than a trap. His satire is very bitter, it isn’t gentle at all. But the best thing about his satire is that he’s satirizing the society through somebody as naà ¯ve and gentle as Gulliver. Swift most corrosive satire is on women and politicians, although, at times he does satirize other people like the scientists in Voyage III of Gulliver’s Travels or the religious members through The Tale of a Tub. Swift commonly uses situational satire to criticize or when he excessively praises someone, it’s a strategy of irony and Swift manipulates this praise for his own satiric ends. So the main reasons why Swift’s prose is plain perfection is that he writes in a simple manner, uses common language, he uses imaginary and non-sensical words and gives authenticity to these words, the use of archaic language to give authenticity, the description of everything up to the minutest detail and the way in which Swift uses satire.

Business In The City Of Madinat Zayed Assignment

Business In The City Of Madinat Zayed - Assignment Example The rent for the first month was paid in cash at that date. The partners also got one year insurance policy for the business and paid AED 7,500 in advance for the policy. On March 03, 2014, the partners purchased some stationery items required for running the business amounting AED 730 in cash. The stationery items include pens, pencils, diaries, customers’ registers etc. On March 05, 2014, the partners bought furniture for the business amounting AED 3,600 from Woodies Inc. on credit. The useful life of the furniture is estimated to be six (6) years. The partners also purchased a car for the school costing AED 24,000 from Mania Motors on the same date. AED 15,000 was paid at the time of purchase while the remaining balance is agreed to be settled in twenty (20) equal monthly installments. The useful life of car is estimated to be ten (10) years. All fixed assets are agreed to be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The Solutions Tech. has policy of charging full period deprec iation in the period of purchase. The business received AED 6,000 from different customers for the services provided in the first month. AED 4,000 was received on March 03, 2014, while AED 1,150 was received on March 12, 2014 and AED 850 was received on March 25, 2014. AED 600 and AED 1,200 were outstanding on account of Mr. Yaqoob and Mr. Williams in respect of services rendered on March 16, 2014 and March 19, 2014 respectively. However, Mr. Yaqoob had settled his account by the end of the month. The business paid AED 2,000 to Woodies Inc on March 28, 2014 on account of the furniture purchased. The Solutions Tech. also received an amount of AED 1,200 on March 31, 2014 in advance on account of development of Internal Network of â€Å"Ziad Consultants & Co.†. The work will be performed in April 2014. The business also purchased the advertisement services of â€Å"Metro Media† for advertising the newly established business at a cost of AED 2,000 on March 13, 2013. The pa rtners paid only AED 800 on March 18, 2013 for the services rendered. The remaining amount is outstanding till the period end. Mr. [Your/ Partner’s Name] has withdrawn an amount of AED 1,400 for personal use on March 31, 2014.

Report about Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report about Greece - Essay Example This has been the state of affairs affecting Greece. This paper looks at the turnaround experienced by Greece through analysis of the country’s GDP growth and its economic performance of the region. The GDP of Greece since 2008 has been on the rocks according to statistics provided by the World Bank (2014). The nation has experienced a mere 0.46 percent growth since this time with a low of -2.80 percent in 2010 (Tradingecomomics, 2014). Based on this, it is clear that the nation is facing an economic crisis. Despite this there is, the nation is forecasted to do better as it is now picking up from the low it experienced as shown in the graph below. From the above, one can see that the GDP of the state has been taking a downward trend, but has picked up in the last few years. This can be attributed to the reforms placed in the employment sector. According to BBC’s Mark Lowen (2014), through the job cuts and firm restructures, the rate of unemployment has reached an all time high of 28 percent and contrasts the turnaround experienced by the nation in terms of economic growth. Before, at least 50,000 jobs a year were made available to the citizens of the nation and the economy was growing at 5 percent annually. After the crash, the inverse was experienced with the rate of growth plummeting and the unemployment rate increasing rapidly. In accordance with Herbert Grubel (2013), the problem resulted from the instability of prices. That is to say inflation caused by those in government. The problem began when wages were reduced, resulting in the leaders increasing the nominal wages in the public sector. The higher wager resulted in the printing of more money, increasing the deficit experienced by the nation. All this resulted in inflation in the region and led to the collapse of the Greece economy and thus the increased rate of unemployment and the fall in the growth of the GDP. According to N. Roubini (As cited by George Alogoskoufis, 2012),

Environmental science Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental science - Movie Review Example d solutions for environmental issues are depicted through aerial shots of natural and urban landscapes across several countries.  The documentary argues  that the more the earth develops the more natural resources it consumes. Building and population boom in urban China, industrial production in the U.S., the lack of potable water in India, and deforestation in Borneo are some of the issues covered. In South Korea, New York, and Costa Rica, forest management programs are being implemented. In addition, Mumbai, New Zealand, and Austria among other countries have agreed to develop renewable energy sources like windmill and solar panels. This documentary makes us aware of  the environments problems and the different solutions offered by environment science.  We are shown that water, soil, wind, and sun work together to create life. Environmental scientists are encouraged to  improve existing technologies  in renewable energy sources and develop new ways of harnessing energy from the  earth. As whats stated in the documentary - "Whats important is what remains [on earth]."  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This documentary depicts different scenarios that could result from increases in world temperature. The documentary was filled with weather footages and special effects that illustrate the harmful effects of global warming. Alec Baldwin guides the audience through his narration of the changes in temperature and the accompanying effect in oceans, disasters, and everyday climate. Environmental events believed to have resulted from global warming are also presented.    The documentary used real-world examples of environmental changes to portray how changes in earth’s temperature affect the environment. A place in England now grows wine-quality grapes which were not possible a few years back. The metal-protected houses in Paris led to several thousands dead when a heat wave occurred. All these real-world examples show the harmful effects of increasing earth temperature. The documentary

Individual assignment---report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Individual assignment---report - Essay Example The paper suggests use of trained technicians and enhancement in the quality of the products in order to increase the revenue of the company and to stimulate its acquired market share. Table of Contents Abstract 2 1.0.Introduction 4 2.0.Implementation of ICT in River Island 4 3.0.Issues at River Island 5 4.0.Literature Review on ICT 6 5.0.Utilisation of ICT to Solve the Matter 7 6.0.Conclusion 9 References 10 1.0. Introduction Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is universally identified as one of the most significant tools that are utilised for the purpose of social alterations as well as national development (Ministry of Human Resource Department, n.d.). In the current day phenomenon, ICT along with the internet are altering the human activities that have been dependent upon the information. It offers the individuals as well as the communities with an opportunity to be not only consumers of the goods and services, but also acts as active generators of the information. It is by means of media convergence that it becomes easier for ICTs to develop and coordinate the capacities of other Medias (FAO, 2000). ICTs are normally related with the issues of data processing as well as information management by means of large scale information systems. It is worth noting that it is not only the information technology itself which is a significant factor for the quality of work; rather, it can be regarded as the strategy that the company adopts so as to coordinate the aspect of technology with the changing requirements of the organisation (FAO, 2000). The company that has been chosen for the study is River Island. River Island is based in London and was initiated in the year 1948. The founders of the company were Andrew Hunt and Bernard Lewis. The company has more than 60 years of experience in fashion retailing and is considered as one of the successful companies in British High Street (River Island Style Insiders, n.d.). 2.0. Implementation of ICT in River Is land Information and Communication Technology facilitates in the smooth operations of the organisation and thus assists in many other ways such as stock control, keeping extra records, advancing the communication process, production as well as marketing. Through ICTs it is gradually becoming easier for the company to reduce its costs significantly (Business Studies Online, n.d.). It is to be mentioned that River Island also makes use of the ICT’s in order to improve its operation in an effective manner. River Island has worked with consultancy named Royal National Institute of Blind People Web Access Consultancy so that its new website offers high degree of accessibility ensuring that as far as possible it is reachable to all the users. It is worth mentioning that online shopping is a type of ICT used by the company for making its goods available to the consumers online. The company’s online services assist the consumers in purchasing clothes, shoes as well as accessor ies. Notably, River Island provides a wide on-line range of women’s as well as men’s fashion related clothing’s to the customers (River Island, 2012). The leading fashion retailer, River Island, demonstrated its plans to initiate stores that are mainly dedicated to accessories as well as shoes. It was noted that the company decided to bring certain alterations in its business’s in-store design policies and introduce numerous interactive technologies that can be utilised by the customers. It further planned to